What term describes the central idea or key message conveyed in a work of literature?

The term that describes the central idea or key message conveyed in a work of literature is "themes." Themes are the underlying messages or insights about life, society, or human nature that the author expresses through the narrative, characters, and events. They are often universal truths that resonate with readers and can be applicable across different contexts.

Understanding themes is crucial because they enrich the reader's experience and encourage reflection on significant issues within the text. For example, a theme might explore the struggles of identity, the nature of love, or the conflict between individual desires and societal expectations, allowing readers to connect with the material on a deeper level.

In contrast, the other terms have different specific functions in literature. Settings refer to the time and place where a story occurs, providing context but not conveying the overarching message. Motifs are recurring elements or patterns that support the theme but do not encapsulate the central idea itself. Characterization involves the development and portrayal of characters, revealing their traits and motivations rather than the work's central message.